tobacco – Page 31 – Oral Cancer News

Medical brief: shutting down oral cancer

Source: www.bu.edu/today Author: Caleb Daniloff Maria Kukuruzinska, a professor and researcher at BU’s Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, has shown a direct relationship between the aberrant behavior of a gene known as DPAGT1 and the loss of adhesion between cells in oral cancer cell lines and oral tumor tissues, offering dramatic new insight into how the disease might be treated. Oral cancer, which affects the mouth and throat, can spread quickly and has a 50 percent survival rate beyond five years. In healthy epithelial tissues, which line body cavities and form many organs, cells are held together with the help of an adhesion receptor called E-cadherin. This molecule ensures proper cell shape and function and prevents tumor spread. In oral cancer, the DPAGT1 gene is overactive, which interferes with E-cadherin’s adhesive properties. Tumors spread when cells can’t stick to one another. “Such discohesive cells peel off the tumor and establish new tumor islands,” Kukuruzinska says. “The hallmark of malignancy is when cells break apart, migrate, and nest in inappropriate organs.” When researchers partially suppressed DPAGT1 in the oral cancer cell lines, they enhanced the E-cadherin molecule’s ability to form junctions between cells. The team’s findings suggest that diminishing DPAGT1’s activity could interrupt the growth of a tumor. “You can’t jump to the conclusion that you can stop cancer from developing,” Kukuruzinska says. “But we can perhaps stop tumors from spreading.” Researchers want to find the cause of overexpression of DPAGT1 in oral cancer. They hope to identify key [...]

Oral Cancer Foundation News Team - A2009-08-06T06:34:29-07:00August, 2009|Oral Cancer News|

Oral use of Swedish moist snuff (snus) and risk for cancer of the mouth, lung, and pancreas in male construction workers: a retrospective cohort study

Source: www.thelancet.com Author: Juhua Luo, MSc et al. Background: Although classified as carcinogenic, snuff is used increasingly in several populations. Scandinavian moist snuff (snus) has been proposed as a less harmful alternative to smoking, but precise data on the independent associations of snus use with site-specific cancers are sparse. We aimed to assess the risks for cancer of the oral cavity, lung, and pancreas. Methods: Detailed information about tobacco smoking and snus use was obtained from 279 897 male Swedish construction workers in 1978—92. Complete follow-up until end of 2004 was accomplished through links with population and health registers. To distinguish possible effects of snus from those of smoking, we focused on 125 576 workers who were reported to be never-smokers at entry. Adjusted relative risks were derived from Cox proportional hazards regression models. Findings: 60 cases of oral, 154 of lung, and 83 of pancreatic cancer were recorded in never-smokers. Snus use was independently associated with increased risk of pancreatic cancer (relative risk for ever-users of snus 2·0; 95% CI 1·2—3·3, compared with never-users of any tobacco), but was unrelated to incidence of oral (0·8, 95% CI 0·4—1·7) and lung cancer (0·8, 0·5—1·3). Interpretation: Use of Swedish snus should be added to the list of tentative risk factors for pancreatic cancer. We were unable to confirm any excess of oral or lung cancer in snus users. Authors: Juhua Luo MSc a, Weimin Ye MD a, Kazem Zendehdel MD a c, Johanna Adami MD a b, Prof Hans-Olov Adami MD [...]

Oral Cancer Foundation News Team - A2009-07-26T11:02:58-07:00July, 2009|Oral Cancer News|

HPV vaccine debate shifts to boys

Source: Buffalo News Author: Henry L. Davis New questions arise as cancer tied to HPV is rising in men Parents who face the dilemma of whether to protect their young daughters with a vaccine aimed at a sexually transmitted infection that causes cervical cancer now face a new question: Should they do the same for their sons? As evidence mounts of a rising number of other cancers linked to the human papillomavirus, or HPV, a debate has intensified over whether to give the vaccine to males. Advocates say vaccinating boys and men can prevent them from passing on the virus to their sexual partners. Critics still question the long-term safety and effectiveness of Merck & Co.’s Gardasil, despite studies indicating that its risks and lasting power are within the range of other vaccines. But a newer wrinkle in the debate is the discovery in recent years that oral HPV infections — most likely acquired from oral sex with multiple partners—significantly increase the risk of head and neck cancers. The rate of oral cancers is rising so steadily, especially in men, that, if the trend continues, there may be more oral cancers in the United States caused by HPV in 10 years than by tobacco or alcohol, a major study concluded last year. “We should be investing our care and dollars in preventing HPV infection instead of treating the cancers,” said Dr. Thom Loree of Roswell Park Cancer Institute. Physicians at the cancer center have begun publicly touting the benefits of [...]

Charlotte Parker2009-07-15T13:04:17-07:00July, 2009|Oral Cancer News|

Vaccine debate shifts to boys

Source: www.buffalonews.com Author: Henry L. Davis Parents who face the dilemma of whether to protect their young daughters with a vaccine aimed at a sexually transmitted infection that causes cervical cancer now face a new question: Should they do the same for their sons? As evidence mounts of a rising number of other cancers linked to the human papillomavirus, or HPV, a debate has intensified over whether to give the vaccine to males. Advocates say vaccinating boys and men can prevent them from passing on the virus to their sexual partners. Critics still question the long-term safety and effectiveness of Merck & Co.’s Gardasil, despite studies indicating that its risks and lasting power are within the range of other vaccines. But a newer wrinkle in the debate is the discovery in recent years that oral HPV infections — most likely acquired from oral sex with multiple partners—significantly increase the risk of head and neck cancers. The rate of oral cancers is rising so steadily, especially in men, that, if the trend continues, there may be more oral cancers in the United States caused by HPV in 10 years than by tobacco or alcohol, a major study concluded last year. “We should be investing our care and dollars in preventing HPV infection instead of treating the cancers,” said Dr. Thom Loree of Roswell Park Cancer Institute. Physicians at the cancer center have begun publicly touting the benefits of the vaccine on males after seeing an increase in the number of throat [...]

Oral Cancer Foundation News Team - A2009-07-12T09:00:58-07:00July, 2009|Oral Cancer News|

Anti-smoking bill a victory for kids

Source: www.blackvoicenews.com Author: Dr. Ernest Levister, Jr The health risks of tobacco are well known, yet the rates of smoking and using chewing tobacco continue to grow. Many young people pick up these habits every year — in fact, 90% of all adult smokers started when they were kids. Each day, more than 4,400 kids become regular smokers. So it was particularly encouraging to see President Barack Obama this week surrounded by children from the Campaign for Tobacco Free Kids sign the strongest anti-smoking measure ever, calling it “an extraordinary accomplishment that will help keep children from getting hooked on cigarettes”. This landmark legislation is a clear victory for kids. With an estimated 3,500 young people smoking their first cigarette each day, the ban on flavorings alone could have significant health benefits. Mr. Obama cited his own long struggle to quit the cigarettes he got hooked on as a teenager and praised the bill for providing critically needed protections for kids. Studies show that African Americans smoke fewer cigarettes when compared to Caucasians, but they share a far greater burden of smoking related health problems. It’s important to make sure kids understand the dangers of tobacco use. Smoking is the leading cause of preventable deaths in the United States, and can cause cancer, heart disease, and lung disease. Chewing tobacco (smokeless or spit tobacco) can lead to nicotine addiction, oral cancer, gum disease, and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, including heart attacks. Kids might be drawn to smoking and [...]

Oral Cancer Foundation News Team - A2009-06-25T18:23:42-07:00June, 2009|Oral Cancer News|

Philip Morris expects FDA regulation will be a perk

Source: Richmond Times Author: David Ress Jun 23, 2009 (Richmond Times-Dispatch - McClatchy-Tribune Information Services via COMTEX) -- One of the real tests of how federal regulation will affect tobacco use could be something you'll spot at a convenience store counter. A new law signed by President Barack Obama yesterday will, among many changes, move all tobacco products -- snuff and cigars as well as cigarettes -- behind the counter. How they share space back there could clear the way for more competition in a market now dominated by Henrico County-based Altria Group Inc. It's competition that Chesterfield County-based Swedish Match North America is hoping for, and a rule it believes could lead to something it's long wanted: more space on retailer's shelves for its snuff and chewing tobacco. "It's back to old fashioned blocking and tackling, how to be more competitive -- including against cigarettes," said Gerry Roerty, Swedish Match's president and general counsel. Both Richmond-area tobacco companies broke with most of the rest of the tobacco industry in supporting the regulation of tobacco by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. "We have consistently advocated for federal regulation that recognizes the serious harm caused by tobacco products," said Michael E. Szymanczyk, chairman and chief executive of Altria, parent of Philip Morris USA, the largest cigarette-maker. But critics say Altria's nearly decade-old support of regulation is a way to lock in its dominant share of the U.S. market -- both for cigarettes and now oral tobacco, after buying the nation's No.1 smokeless tobacco-maker this [...]

Charlotte Parker2009-06-23T12:25:44-07:00June, 2009|Oral Cancer News|

Preoperative smoking cessation improves head and neck surgery outcomes

Source: Cancerpage.com Author: Staff NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Even a short period of 4 to 8 weeks of smoking cessation prior to surgery to treat upper aerodigestive tract squamous cell carcinoma improves wound healing, according to a review of the literature. If the patient stays tobacco-free, the risk of cancer recurrence is substantially reduced. However, full cessation is required -- simply reducing the quantity of cigarettes smoked per day is of little benefit, Dr. Richard O. Wein from Tufts Medical Center, Boston, reports in the June Archives of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. Studies of the impact of smoking cessation on surgical outcomes within the field of otolaryngology are few and contradictory, Dr. Wein points out. For his review, he drew on studies of smokers operated on for non-otolaryngology conditions as well as for head and neck tumors. The "bottom line," he says, is that "although conflicting reports exist within the literature concerning the impact of short-term smoking cessation, it should be noted that the sheer number of articles reporting the negative impact of continued tobacco use on postoperative pulmonary function and wound healing far outweighs those minimizing this impact." Furthermore, multiple studies indicate increased risk of recurrence or the development of a second cancer in patients who continue to smoke after their index cancers are diagnosed. One study, for example, found that 40% of patients who kept smoking after being treated definitively for a malignant oral cavity tumor had a recurrence or developed a second malignant lesion. Overall costs of care, the author [...]

Charlotte Parker2009-06-19T07:38:56-07:00June, 2009|Oral Cancer News|

Senate votes for F.D.A. rules on tobacco

Source: nytimes.com Author: Duff Wilson The Senate voted overwhelmingly Wednesday to impose federal regulation on cigarettes and other forms of tobacco, passing a landmark bill to empower the Food and Drug Administration to control products that eventually kill half their regular users. The Senate legislation has only minor differences from a version the House passed in April. A White House spokesman, Reid H. Cherlin, said that President Obama, who was a co-sponsor of the bill when he was in the Senate, would sign the legislation when it reached his desk. An estimated one in five people in this country smoke, and more than 400,000 of them die each year from smoking-related disease. But for decades, even after the surgeon general’s 1964 report declaring cigarettes a health hazard, Congressional efforts to regulate tobacco had met stiff opposition from lawmakers from tobacco-growing states and their political allies. And when the F.D.A. tried on its own to start regulating nicotine as a drug, the Supreme Court struck down that effort in 2000, saying the agency could not take such a step without Congressional authority. Cigarettes remained less regulated than cosmetics or pet food. But with broad bipartisan support in both the Senate and House, and a campaign pledge by Barack Obama to sign such legislation if he became president, the anti-tobacco forces came into alignment. “This long-overdue grant of authority to F.D.A. to regulate tobacco products means that the agency can finally take the actions needed to protect our people from the most [...]

Oral Cancer Foundation News Team - A2009-06-11T15:34:20-07:00June, 2009|Oral Cancer News|

FDA bad news for snus?

Source: www.cspnet.com Author: staff The subject of putting tobacco under the control of the federal Food & Drug Administration (FDA) has divided the industry. Such regulation may also end product innovation, according to Forbes magazine. The report cites Reynolds American Inc.'s Camel Snus, the spit-free flavored pouch of pasteurized tobacco sold chilled in tins, as an example of the kind of innovation may be the last of its kind after this year's tobacco regulation bill, sponsored by Senator Edward Kennedy (D-Mass.), turns into law. The legislation is expected to easily pass through the Senate on Tuesday or Wednesday, after getting cleared by the House in April, and then quickly get a presidential signature. After test runs in Columbus, Ohio, and Portland, Ore., three years ago, R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Co., Winston-Salem, N.C., now sells Camel Snus in 100,000 locations nationwide. A tin of 15 costs $4.50. (Click here for previous CSP Daily News coverage.) The bill has divided the industry. Altria Group Inc., which makes market-leading Marlboro cigarettes though Phillip Morris USA, Richmond, Va., helped write the bill, which critics say will institutionalize that company's market share. The No. 2 tobacco maker, Reynolds American, which makes Camels through RJR, has been waging the battle against it. Altria is testing Marlboro Snus in Dallas and Indianapolis. (Click here for previous CSP Daily News coverage of Altria's other tobacco products strategy.) Kennedy's bill would allow the FDA to play gatekeeper to tobacco products like snus and newer smokeless tobacco lozenges and sticks. The [...]

Oral Cancer Foundation News Team - A2009-06-02T20:50:28-07:00June, 2009|Oral Cancer News|

R. J. Reynolds introducing ‘dissolvable’ tobacco

Source: KSPR News Author: News Staff Tobacco companies are facing new criticism, accused of targeting your kids. Not with ads, but with new types of tobacco products. Like Camel Snus, tea-bags filled with mint-flavored tobacco. R.J. Reynolds says Snus have become so popular, they're taking the next step -- totally dissolvable tobacco The company says it will solve all kinds of problems for traditional smokers. "They don't have second hand smoke. They don't have a litter problem. The product actually dissolves in your mouth as opposed to having to spit or extract something like a patch from your mouth like other smokeless products," says Tommy Payne of R. J. Reynolds. The company will soon test three new products: Camel Sticks that dissolve when you suck them, Minty Tobacco Strips that look like breath strips, and Orbs, flavored dissolvable tablets that some say look and taste like candy. Critics say R. J. Reynolds is doing what it did with Joe Camel -- marketing not to adult smokers, but smoker wanna-bes. "Really what you're doing with kids actually, it's kind of like a gateway drug. You're getting them addicted to nicotine, which then leads them to possibly wanting to do other things," says Dan Smith of the American Cancer Society. The Indiana Poison Control Center says just one Camel dissolvable delivers up to 300 percent of the nicotine found in just one cigarette. Take too many, and nicotine poisoning might set in, and you could develop oral cancer. R. J. Reynolds says [...]

Charlotte Parker2009-06-02T20:51:19-07:00May, 2009|Oral Cancer News|