radiation – Page 26 – Oral Cancer News

Medical group urges new rules on radiation

Source: nytimes.com Author: Walt Bogdanich The leading professional organization dedicated to radiation oncology has called for enhanced safety measures in administering medical radiation, including the establishment of the nation’s first central database for the reporting of errors involving linear accelerators — machines that generate radiation — and CT scanners. The group, the American Society for Radiation Oncology, or Astro, issued a six-point plan on Wednesday that it said would improve safety and quality and reduce the chances of medical errors. Even though the group says serious radiation accidents are rare, it says it will work toward a stronger accreditation program, expanded training, and an enhanced program to ensure that medical technologies from different manufacturers can safely transfer information. Astro will also press for federal legislation to require national standards for radiation therapy treatment teams, along with additional resources for the Radiological Physics Center, a federally financed group that evaluates the safety of treatments. Dr. Anthony L. Zietman, professor of radiation oncology at Harvard Medical School and Astro’s president, said the goal was to “take measures that are currently in existence, recognize them and then work to strengthen them and above all work to reassure patients.” The group said it began a comprehensive review of existing policies last week after two articles in The New York Times reported on the harm that can result when powerful and technologically complex machines go awry and when basic safety procedures are not followed. The articles reported that medical personnel who work with the new [...]

Oral Cancer Foundation News Team - A2010-02-05T22:29:56-07:00February, 2010|Oral Cancer News|

Pitt researchers receive patent for new head and neck cancer treatment

Source: www.healthcanal.com Author: staff Researchers from the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine have been awarded a patent from the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office for the development of a new DNA therapy for head and neck cancers. The therapy targets the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a protein found on the surface of many types of cancer cells that causes them to multiply. Standard treatments for head and neck cancers often are ineffective and tend to have debilitating side effects, explained Jennifer R. Grandis, M.D., professor of otolaryngology and pharmacology at Pitt and director of the Head and Neck Program at the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute (UPCI). “We set out to develop an alternative approach that is safe and effective for these cancers,” she said. The new treatment is based on a form of genetic therapy called “antisense,” or AS, in which a synthesized strand of DNA or RNA targets the EGFR genes within a head and neck tumor. The therapy blocks the production of a protein produced by the gene. According to Dr. Grandis, expectations were exceeded in a phase I study of the therapy that was designed primarily to determine the safety and potential toxicity of EGFR AS injections in patients with advanced head and neck cancers. “Not only were the AS injections well-tolerated, but tumors disappeared or shrank considerably in 29 percent of the patients,” said Dr. Grandis. “These results show that EGFR AS therapy has great potential as a safe, effective treatment.” A phase [...]

Oral Cancer Foundation News Team - A2010-01-31T06:34:56-07:00January, 2010|Oral Cancer News|

Radiation was the cure, and the killer

Source: nytimes.com Author: Walt Bogdanich As Scott Jerome-Parks lay dying, he clung to this wish: that his fatal radiation overdose -- which left him deaf, struggling to see, unable to swallow, burned, with his teeth falling out, with ulcers in his mouth and throat, nauseated, in severe pain and finally unable to breathe -- be studied and talked about publicly so that others might not have to live his nightmare. Sensing death was near, Jerome-Parks summoned his family for a final Christmas. His friends sent two buckets of sand from the beach where they had played as children so he could touch it, feel it and remember better days. Jerome-Parks died several weeks later in 2007. He was 43. A New York City hospital treating him for tongue cancer had failed to detect a computer error that directed a linear accelerator to blast his brain stem and neck with errant beams of radiation. Not once, but on three consecutive days. Jerome-Parks experienced the wonders and the brutality of radiation. It helped diagnose and treat his disease. It also inflicted unspeakable pain. Yet while Jerome-Parks had hoped that others might learn from his misfortune, the details of his case have until now been shielded from public view by the government, doctors and the hospital. Americans today receive far more medical radiation than ever before. The average lifetime dose of diagnostic radiation has increased sevenfold since 1980, and more than half of all cancer patients receive radiation therapy. Without a doubt, radiation [...]

Oral Cancer Foundation News Team - A2010-01-24T22:10:20-07:00January, 2010|Oral Cancer News|

Radiation exposure may increase risk of stroke and heart disease

Source: www.onmedica.com Author: OnMedica Staff Exposure to moderate levels of radiation may increase the rates of heart disease and stroke, according to new research. Several studies have shown that high doses of radiation to the heart or head and neck from radiotherapy cause an excess of deaths from heart disease or stroke in later years. But it is uncertain whether radiation exposures at relatively low dose levels (under 1 Gy) also increase the risk. To investigate this further, Dr Yukiko Shimizu and colleagues from the Radiation Effects Research Foundation in Japan examined the risk of heart disease and stroke in 86,611 atomic bomb survivors from Hiroshima and Nagasaki who have been followed up for 53 years, from 1950 to 2003, as part of the Japanese atomic bomb survivor Life Span Study. Each member of the group had received an estimated radiation dose from 0-4 Gy (86% received less than 0.2 Gy) at the time of the bomb. Other risk factors for circulatory disease that could have affected the results, such as smoking, alcohol intake, education, occupation, obesity and diabetes were also taken into account. The researchers found an elevated risk of both stroke and heart disease at doses above 0.5 Gy, but the degree of risk at lower doses was unclear. Together, this represents about 210 excess deaths from circulatory disease associated with radiation exposure – about a third as many as the total excess number of cancer deaths (about 625) among atomic bomb survivors in the Life Span Study. [...]

Oral Cancer Foundation News Team - A2010-01-15T19:58:54-07:00January, 2010|Oral Cancer News|

Study cites radiation risk from CT scans

Source: nytimes.com Author: staff Radiation from CT scans done in 2007 will cause 29,000 cancers and kill nearly 15,000 Americans, researchers said Monday. The findings, published in the Archives of Internal Medicine, add to mounting evidence that Americans are overexposed to radiation from diagnostic tests, especially from a specialized kind of X-ray called a computed tomography, or CT, scan. "What we learned is there is a significant amount of radiation with these CT scans, more than what we thought, and there is a significant number of cancers," said Dr. Rita Redberg, editor of the Archives of Internal Medicine, where the studies were published. "It's estimated that just from the CT scans done in one year, just in 2007, there will be 15,000 excess deaths," Redberg said in a telephone interview. "We're doing millions of CT scans every year and the numbers are increasing. That is a lot of excess deaths." CT scans give doctors a view inside the body, often eliminating the need for exploratory surgery. But CT scans involve much higher radiation dose than conventional X-rays. A chest CT scan exposes the patient to more than 100 times the radiation dose of a chest X-ray. About 70 million CT scans were done on Americans in 2007, up from 3 million in 1980. Amy Berrington de Gonzalez of the National Cancer Institute and colleagues developed a computer model to estimate the impact of so many scans. They estimated the scans done in 2007 will cause 29,000 cancers. A third of [...]

Oral Cancer Foundation News Team - A2009-12-15T21:58:15-07:00December, 2009|Oral Cancer News|

Q&A: treating larynx cancer with chemotherapy alone

Source: www2.mdanderson.org/cancerwise Author: Cancerwise Blogger In certain cases, cancer of the larynx (voicebox) can be treated successfully with chemotherapy alone, according to a recent study at M. D. Anderson. Chris Holsinger, M.D., assistant professor in the Department of Head and Neck Surgery, was co-author of the study, which is the first of its kind in the United States. He answers questions about this groundbreaking research that may provide hope for some patients. How has the treatment for larynx cancer evolved over the past few decades? Thirty years ago, the only option for cancer of the larynx, also called laryngeal cancer was surgical removal of part of the larynx. In the 1970s, treatment moved away from surgery and more toward radiation. Then we began to combine radiation and chemotherapy. What are some of the disadvantages of treating cancer of the larynx with radiation? Radiation can have side effects, especially long-term toxicity. In many patients, the cancer returns. Sometimes, radiation therapy saves the larynx and trachea (windpipe), but they do not work as well. This requires some patients to have a tracheotomy (a surgical procedure that makes an incision in the trachea to open a direct airway) or gastrostomy (surgical opening into the stomach). If patients who have radiation need surgery later, they often have more surgical complications and lower survival rates. What inspired you to look at treating larynx cancer with chemotherapy? While the treatment of larynx cancer was evolving in the United States, another story was unfolding in Paris. Two [...]

Oral Cancer Foundation News Team - A2009-12-02T21:12:25-07:00December, 2009|Oral Cancer News|

Brachial plexus injury may be underreported following radiation therapy in patients with head and neck cancer

Source: www.docguide.com Author: John Otrompke Radiation therapy for head and neck cancer may cause an injury to the brachial plexus nerve network in as many as 20% of patients, researchers stated here at the American Society of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology (ASTRO) 51st Annual Meeting. The incidence of the condition, characterised by numbness in the arms, inability to use the shoulder, and/or atrophy or retraction of chest muscles, may be underreported, suggesting that healthcare providers devise an avoidance strategy when administering high-dose radiation. "This was the first study that looked at brachial plexus injury and quality-of-life effects in patients for head and neck cancer, because in the past these patients never survived long enough for physicians to notice the symptoms, which include chronic frost-bite sensation in the fingers," said Allen M. Chen, MD, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis Health System, Sacramento, California, on November 3. The study was originally conceived based on clinical observations, he said. "We would see these patients coming in with these odd symptoms all the time, and we couldn't explain why." The study looked at 196 patients, without prior symptoms of brachial plexopathy, who returned for follow-up after high-dose radiation for head and neck cancer and completed a questionnaire designed to look for symptoms of the injury to brachial plexus, a nerve complex in the arm, chest, and shoulder. Symptoms included pain, numbness and tingling, or motor weakness. Of the patients, 20 (10%) scored positive for injury, with the median onset of the [...]

Oral Cancer Foundation News Team - A2009-11-11T19:12:24-07:00November, 2009|Oral Cancer News|

Chemo treatments lengthen lives for head, neck cancer patients

Source: www.privatemdlabs.com Author: Brendan Missett Patients with head and neck cancer receiving a combined treatment of chemotherapy and radiation may live 2.1 years longer than those treated only with radiotherapy, new research suggests. The study, published in the October 27 issue of The Lancet Oncology, separated 966 patients with advanced head and neck cancer into four treatment groups, and examined their progression over 10 years, HealthDay News reports. The four groups designated patients who received radiotherapy alone, two courses of simultaneous chemotherapy and radiotherapy, two courses of chemotherapy after completing radiotherapy, and chemotherapy both during, and after radiotherapy. Researchers found that chemo, given at the same time as radiotherapy, was most effective in reducing deaths and cancer recurrence in head and neck cancer patients who hadn't undergone surgery. Chemotherapy given after radiotherapy was completely ineffective, according to the study. The UK Head and Neck Cancer Group researchers wrote that chemotherapy drugs offer an "inexpensive" method to "considerably improve the likelihood of completing treatment, essential for improving the chances of a cure." According to the American Cancer Society, more than 1,500 people in the U.S. are expected to die of cancer each day in the next year. Doctors recommend an array of imaging tests or lab tests to detect some types of cancer while they are treatable.

Oral Cancer Foundation News Team - A2009-11-11T14:29:36-07:00November, 2009|Oral Cancer News|

Access Pharmaceuticals provides update on MuGard commercial launch in North America

Source: money.cnn.com Author: press release Access Pharmaceuticals, Inc., today provided an update on its North American commercial launch of MuGard, an FDA approved treatment for oral mucositis, a debilitating side effect of radiation treatment and chemotherapy. Access intends to commercially launch MuGard in North America in the first quarter of 2010. Key strategic items pertaining to the launch include: Manufacturing: Access is currently working with its contract liquid manufacturer, Accupac, on initial clinical and stability batches, and expects to have initial commercial quantities available in 1Q 2010. Reimbursement: Access is working with outside regulatory consultants in developing and finalizing its reimbursement strategy as it pertains to third-party payors and Medicare/Medicaid. Clinical: Consistent with strategies employed by its global marketing partners, Access is working with key opinion leaders to develop a strategy for post-approval studies if and as needed. Access believes that its approved label indication and directions for use supports positioning MuGard as a preventative for oral mucositis caused by radiation and chemotherapy treatments, and provides for expansion into treatment of all types of oral wounds including aphthous ulcers, canker sores and traumatic ulcers, such as those caused by oral surgery. Marketing/Sales: Access has signed a deal with iMedicor to support online eMarketing efforts and education of oncologists, radiation oncologist and support staff as it pertains to oral mucositis and MuGard specifically. Access intends to build a hybrid, dedicated salesforce with oncology supportive care experience. Co-Promotion: Access continues to seek potential co-promotion arrangements with pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies in the [...]

Oral Cancer Foundation News Team - A2009-11-11T14:29:14-07:00November, 2009|Oral Cancer News|

Weekly radiation of more than 10 gy improves local control in head and neck cancer patients

Source: www.docguide.com Author: John Otrompke Patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma who receive an average weekly fractionated radiation dose of more than 10 gy experience significantly better local control at 2 years, unless they are receiving chemotherapy at the same time, according to a study presented here at the American Society of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology (ASTRO) 51st Annual Meeting. "We're not seeing the benefit in those who also receive chemotherapy with the radiation," said Alek F. Dragovic, MD, Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama. If they have low-stage cancer, they may not necessarily need chemotherapy along with radiation. Also, patients are often not healthy enough to receive chemotherapy if they can't tolerate the side effects, Dr. Dragovic explained in his presentation on November 3. In the study, 601 patients who received definitive radiotherapy were divided retrospectively into those who received more or less than an average weekly dose of 10 gy. Patients who received the traditional schedule of once per day made up 45.1% of the patient population, those who received concomitant boost radiation, in which patients get treated twice per day during the last 2 weeks of radiotherapy, were 17.6% of the population; while 17.5% were treated with simultaneous integrated boost, 15.1% received radiation twice daily, and other received other schedules. Overall, patients who received on average more than 10 gy per week experienced 77.4% local regional control at 2 years, compared with 71.4% who received less than 10 gy per week. For [...]

Oral Cancer Foundation News Team - A2009-11-11T07:50:14-07:00November, 2009|Oral Cancer News|