10/18/2006 Los Angeles, CA press release UCLA News (www.newsroom.ucla.edu) The UCLA School of Dentistry has received two research awards from the National Institutes of Health which, combined with the school's ongoing NIH-funded saliva research studies, are building UCLA's reputation as a center for excellence in oral fluid research. A major five-year, $12.5-million UO1 grant from the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, an arm of the NIH, will fuel the development of a functional prototype of the Oral Fluid NanoSensor Test (OFNASET), a handheld clinical device for point-of-care saliva diagnostics. In addition, a five-year, $2.5-million NIH RO1 grant will support efforts to identify the diagnostic signatures of Sjögren's Syndrome in the saliva of individuals affected by that auto-immune disease. "The UCLA School of Dentistry is proud to provide leadership in the national effort to investigate and innovate in the promising area of saliva diagnostics," said Dr. No-Hee Park, dean of the School of Dentistry. David Wong, a professor in the division of oral biology and medicine and the associate dean of research at the UCLA School of Dentistry, the director of the UCLA Dental Research Institute and a member of UCLA's Jonsson Cancer Center, is the principal investigator for both grants. Predating the new awards, the School of Dentistry's current saliva research studies supported by the NIH include the Human Salivary Proteome Project, the UCLA Collaborative Oral Fluid Diagnostic Research Center, and the Genomics and Proteomics for Progressing Oral Precancer study. Earlier this year, as a product of those [...]

10/18/2006 Orlando, FL staff wftv.com Throat and neck cancer surgeries can leave patients with serious side effects such as scars and speech problems. But with the help of a robot, two surgeons are the first in the world to treat these types of cancers without making even one incision. John McCauley had tongue cancer surgery 20 years ago. And she recently had to have it again. "The recovery from my first surgery for tongue cancer was… very raw. It was a raw area, it was tender, and it was quite painfull to be honest," she said. But the second time, a robot did much of the work. In the past, surgeons cut across the throat to remove the tumor. But the robot operates in the mouth so the incisions are small and are made on the inside of the body. "Now, we do remove the entire tumor but we don't have to do things such as wide incisions on the neck or breaking or splitting the jaw bone and moving the tongue aside," said Dr. Bert O'Malley Jr., a head & neck surgeon. "The robot allows me to move my hands on the joysticks of the robotic console, and it's as if my hands were made this small, and I could get them right into the mouth to do the operation," he said. Two surgeons partner on each operation. One operates the console, one is by the patient's side. Patients lose less blood and can actually talk and swallow more [...]

10/18/2006 New Rochelle, NY press release Genetic Engineering News (www.genengnews.com) Rexahn Pharmaceuticals (OTCBB:RXHN.OB), a clinical stage biopharmaceutical company dedicated to the discovery, development, and commercialization of innovative treatments for cancer, disorders of the central nervous system and unmet medical needs, today announced the conclusion of the Phase I clinical trials of its leading oncology candidate, RX-0201. RX-0201 is a first-in-class signal inhibitor that directly blocks the production of Akt, a protein kinase that plays a key role in cancer progression. Akt is over-activated in a significant number of cancers, such as breast, colorectal, gastric, head and neck, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate, and thyroid cancers. Akt's transformation ability, as well as its role in cancer progression, makes it a highly attractive and unique target in the treatment of cancer. The clinical trial of RX-0201, which took place at Georgetown University and the University of Alabama, was an open-label, dose-escalation study intended primarily to determine the safety and tolerability of the drug in patients with advanced cancer. The trial has demonstrated that the dose limiting toxicity of RX-0201 occurs at 315 mg/m2 dose in the form of fatigue. No other serious adverse reactions such as hematological toxicities were observed in this study. The Company expects to file a complete final report of Phase I results with the FDA in early 2007. Of the clinical trial, Dr. Chang Ahn, Chairman and CEO of Rexahn, said, "We are very pleased that RX-0201 has successfully concluded Phase I. As a company that is focused on developing [...]

10/18/2006 Orlando, FL staff wftv.com Background: The American Cancer Society estimates about 30,990 new cases of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancer will be diagnosed in the United States in 2006. More than 7,000 people will die of these cancers this year. Oral cancer is cancer that starts in the mouth, while oropharyngeal cancer is cancer that develops in the part of the throat just behind the mouth, called the oropharynx. The treatment options for people with oral and oropharyngeal cancers are surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy either alone or in combination, depending on the stage of the tumor. Depending on where the cancer developed, surgeons may need to cut through the outside of the throat to get to the tumor. Gregory Weinstein, M.D., and Bert O'Malley, M.D., are co-directors of The Center for Head and Neck Cancer at the University of Pennsylvania. "Traditional approaches are incisions in the neck and into the throat to get exposure to the cancer," says Dr. Weinstein. "Sometimes it can be involved in splitting the jaw and opening up the tissues widely to get exposure to the lesions." A New Approach: Now, Drs. Weinstein and O'Malley are partnering on a new way to approach these kinds of cancers: through the mouth using robotic surgery equipment. "We haven't done a full objective analysis, but our experience suggests that patients do better in speech and swallowing after the surgery," says Dr. O'Malley. "We remove the entire tumor, but we don't have to do things such as live [...]

10/15/2006 Escondido, CA Bradley J. Fikes NCTimes.com Radiation therapy for cancer gets on the beam Radiation therapy, a treatment for cancer more than a century old, has become much more powerful and precise with the help of the computer. Harmful side effects of radiation on normal tissue have been lessened, and tumors once untreatable by radiation can now be reached. Two relatively new technologies, called the CyberKnife and intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) , make plentiful use of computing power and precise medical imaging to determine the tumor location. The details of how they work are different, but both deliver X-ray radiation in a concentrated pattern from many directions that converge at the tumor. The concept resembles that of another targeted radiation therapy, called the Gamma Knife, which sends about 200 beams of gamma radiation into the tumor. But while the Gamma Knife can be used only for lesions of the brain, the CyberKnife and IMRT can be used over the entire body. IMRT and the CyberKnife are "complementary," said Cihat Ozhasoglu, a medical physicist at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. The CyberKnife, the newer of the two therapies, is more precise in delivering radiation. But IMRT is superior for treating large and irregular tumors. Because radiation damage to normal tissue is lessened, both treatments cause less fatigue in patients, a common side effect of radiation, than in conventional radiation. "It's much more pleasant than I thought it would be," said Eugene Fundum, a Temecula resident who received IMRT [...]

10/13/2006 Memphis, TN staff CancerConsultants.com According to an article published in the Journal of the American Medical Association and presented at the American Head and Neck Society's annual meeting, patients diagnosed with head and neck cancer have four times the rate of suicide than the general public. Head and neck cancer originates in sites within the head or neck. The American Cancer Society estimated that 11,000 individuals died from head and neck cancer in the United States in 2005. The most common type of head and neck cancer is squamous cell, which refers to the type of cell where the cancer originated. Treatment for head and neck cancer often includes surgery that can leave patients disfigured. Furthermore, surgery can impair a patient's voice, taste, swallowing, chewing, breathing, and hearing. This can produce extreme psychological distress and make performing everyday activities difficult. Researchers from the University of Washington recently evaluated data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) from 1973 and 2002 involving patients who had been diagnosed with head and neck cancer. - Patients diagnosed with head and neck cancer had four times the rate of suicide than the general population. - Advanced disease was associated with higher suicide rates than earlier disease. The researchers concluded that, in regards to suicide risk for patients with head and neck cancer, different "quality-of-life, functional, and psychological studies are required to help answer these questions and to refocus our attention." Patients diagnosed with head and neck cancer should discuss all treatment options [...]

10/11/2006 Australia staff The Australian (www.theaustralian.news.com.au) NASAL snuff and chewing tobacco will be banned under new legislation introduced in Queensland parliament. Smokeless tobacco products are addictive and can lead to nicotine dependence with users suffering cravings when they try to quit, Health Minister Stephen Robertson said. "It is a common misconception that smokeless tobacco products are a healthy alternative to cigarettes," he said. "The reality is they are just as bad for your health as cigarettes." Mr Robertson said using the smokeless tobacco products was also a risk factor for oral or pharyngeal (throat) cancer, non-malignant oral diseases and cardiovascular disease. It was not known if snuff (powdered tobacco) and chewing tobacco were already being sold in the state, but Queensland Health had received inquiries from retailers interested in doing so. Mr Robertson said the new laws were among a range of health portfolio changes included in the Health Legislation Amendment Bill 2006.

10/10/2006 Leipzig, Germany press release Yahoo! Finance (biz.yahoo.com) Leading oncology research establishments today gave examples of how advanced real-time imaging and respiration techniques are benefiting cancer patients through more accurate radiotherapy treatments. Their findings were presented at a symposium hosted by Varian Medical Systems at the annual ESTRO (European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology) meeting in Leipzig, Germany. Advances in image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) and respiratory gating, along with the move towards dynamic adaptive radiotherapy (DART), were presented to an audience of cancer treatment specialists by speakers from Clatterbridge Centre for Oncology in the UK, Aarhus University Hospital and Rigshospitalet Copenhagen in Denmark, and Clinique Sainte Catherine in Avignon, France. In a session chaired by Professor Cai Grau from Aarhus University Hospital, speakers described a new treatment technique that makes it possible to deliver doses with greater precision using Varian's On-Board Imager® for IGRT and RPM(TM) gating, a system that synchronizes treatments with the patient's natural breathing cycle. These advanced treatments are also enabling radiation oncologists to reduce side effects. Dr. Robin Garcia, of Clinique Sainte Catherine, presented the initial results of his team's project on the use of IGRT for head and neck cancers. "Image-guided radiotherapy has enabled the possibility of investigating that which has never before been investigated in head and neck radiotherapy," he said. He said the need to begin dynamically adapting treatment plans on a daily basis was vital because of variations in weight loss during the course of treatment. In the case of head and [...]

10/10/2006 England staff The Guardian (www.guardian.co.uk) Cancer cases will rise by a third by 2020, increasing the burden on the NHS, experts have said. The total number of people newly diagnosed each year will go from 224,000 in 2003 to 299,000 in 2020 - a rise of 33%, Professor Henrik Moller predicted. National Cancer Director Professor Mike Richards said the findings were "incredibly important" and were being used for planning radiotherapy. Presenting his figures at the National Cancer Research Institute conference in Birmingham, Prof Moller, a professor of cancer epidemiology at King's College, London, said the rise was largely due to an ageing population. The number of cases will go up because there will be more people and cancer patients will live longer, but the chance of contracting cancer will largely stay the same. Currently around one in three people in Britain will be diagnosed with cancer at some point during their lives. Prof Moller's predictions showed that the number of annual cases of cancer in men will go from 111,639 in 2001 to 152,381 in 2020, a rise of 36%. For women, the figures will go from 112,477 new cases a year in 2001 to 146,500 in 2020, a rise of 30%. For the same period, mouth cancer cases will go up 75% in men and 57% in women. Cases of oesophageal cancer will go up 58% in men and 21% in women, rectal cancer cases will go up 52% in men and 35% in women, and prostate cancer [...]

10/9/2006 Columbus, OH staff Science Daily (www.sciencedaily.com) Researchers have identified a new and unusual tumor suppressor gene that may be important in cancers of the lung and head and neck. The study shows that restoring the inactivated gene can slow the growth of tumor cells. The gene, known as TCF21, is silenced in tumor cells through a chemical change known as DNA methylation, a process that is potentially reversible. The findings might therefore lead to new strategies for the treatment and early detection of lung cancer, a disease that killed an estimated 163,510 Americans in 2005. The study could also lead to a better understanding of the molecular changes that occur in tumor cells during lung-cancer progression. Tumor-suppressor genes are genes that normally prevent cells from growing out of control. The loss or silencing of one or more tumor-suppressor genes is believed to be an important part of cancer development. The study, by researchers at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, was published online in the Jan. 13 early edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The newly discovered gene is unusual because it can alter normal epithelial cells, causing them to change to a more primitive state. Epithelial cells form the skin and line the body's passageways and hollow organs. They are also the source of the most common forms of cancer. The more primitive cell type, known as a mesenchymal cell, is [...]