5/3/2007 Salt Lake City, UT press release PRNewswire (www.prnewswire.com) BSD Medical Corp. (Amex: BSM) today announced that it has concluded an exhibition at the American Brachytherapy Society (ABS) annual conference held in Chicago, Illinois. The ABS Annual conference provides a forum for reporting developments in brachytherapy. Brachytherapy is an interstitial form of radiation, administered by placing radioactive material in the cancer. Head and neck cancers are an important application for brachytherapy, and they were one of the focuses of the meeting. BSD Medical produces systems that are designed to boost the effectiveness of brachytherapy for certain tumors by providing companion interstitial hyperthermia therapy. BSD Medical representatives used the conference to emphasize a study conducted by Drs. Riccardo Valdagni and Maurizio Amichelli at the Oncology Center of Ospedale Santa Chiara, Trento, Italy, comparing the results for head and neck cancer patients who were treated with radiation alone to those who received hyperthermia therapy plus radiation. The patients involved had inoperable Stage IV head and neck cancer with metastatic lymph nodes. The study concluded that hyperthermia added to radiation improved complete response (tumor disappearance) from 41% to 83%, local relapse-free survival from 24% to 68% and overall survival at 5 years from 0% to 53%, as compared to radiation treatments alone. The study, published in the International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics (see Vol. 28, pp. 163-169), was halted at 41 patients because, due to the strongly favorable results from the addition of hyperthermia therapy to radiation, it was not considered [...]

5/2/2007 Dallas, TX staff TopCancerNews.com Researchers have found a link between intake of fruits and vegetables and decreased risk of developing head and neck cancer. The study results were presented at the 2007 annual meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR). The study included more than 490,000 individuals aged 50 or older. Over a five year period, 787 participants developed head and neck cancer. Individuals with higher intake of fruits and veggies were less likely to develop head and neck cancers. Overall, vegetables appeared to offer more protection than fruit. Plant groups that were linked with a reduced risk included string beans, peas and dried beans. Apples, peaches, nectarines, plums, pears and strawberries were the important fruits. We all know that fruits and vegetables are good for us. This is just one more study to prove that eating a diet with fruits and veggies can help us to prevent cancer.

5/2/2007 South Korea Sang Yoon Kim et al Journal of Nuclear Medicine Vol. 48 No. 5 752-757 High tumor uptake of 18F-FDG is associated with an unfavorable outcome in cancer patients. We evaluated pretreatment 18F-FDG uptake as guidance for the primary treatment modality in patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oropharynx. Methods: Fifty-two consecutive patients with newly diagnosed resectable SCC of the oropharynx underwent 18F-FDG PET before treatment. Primary treatment modalities consisted of surgical resection plus radiotherapy (RT) (surgery group, n = 31) or radical RT plus chemotherapy (RT group, n = 21). The sex, age, tumor stage, histologic grade, TNM classification, treatment strategy, and maximum standardized uptake value (SUV) categories were analyzed for association with local control (LC) and disease-free survival (DFS). The median follow-up of the surviving patients was 36 mo. Results: The median SUV was significantly higher in the 11 patients who failed treatment than that in the remaining controlled patients (8.0 vs. 5.4; P = 0.021). Patients having tumors with a high SUV > 6.0 had poorer LC and DFS (P < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, the SUV remained an independent determinant of LC and DFS (P < 0.05). Patients with a SUV > 6.0 in the surgery group had a higher 3-y DFS than that in the RT group (78% vs. 33%; P = 0.043). Conclusion: Pretreatment tumor 18F-FDG uptake represents an independent prognostic factor in patients with oropharyngeal SCC. Patients with high 18F-FDG uptake may be better treated by surgery followed by [...]

5/2/2007 web-based article staff CancerConsultants.com Researchers from the MD Anderson Cancer Center have reported that response rates for locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to chemotherapy are not affected by Ethyol® (amifostine) cytoprotection. The details of this study appeared in an early on-line publication in the International Journal of RadiationOncology* Biology* Physics on February 6, 2007. Ethyol® is a radiation protector and the only drug that has been approved by the FDA for this use in patients receiving radiation therapy for cancers of the head and neck. Clinical trials have demonstrated that Ethyol can reduce both acute and late radiation-induced side effects. In the pivotal trial involving patients with head and neck cancer, Ethyol reduced the incidence of xerostomia but had no effect on the incidence or severity of oral mucositis. Ethyol has also been shown to reduce the incidence of grade 2-3 bladder and GI toxicities in patients receiving pelvic radiation therapy. However, the results with Ethyol are conflicting in patients with NSCLC who are receiving radiochemotherapy. A previous study from the MD Anderson Cancer Center reported that Ethyol reduces the severity and incidence of acute esophageal, pulmonary, and hematologic toxicity resulting from concurrent cisplatin-based chemotherapy and radiation therapy in patients with NSCLC. The authors of this study performed a meta-analysis of 7 randomized trials involving Ethyol in patients with NSCLC treated with radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy. There were 601 patients in these studies and data on response were available on 552 patients. They reported that there were [...]

5/1/2007 web-based article staff Huliq (www.huliq.com) Just thinking about swallowing rehabilitation makes it harder to do. Head and neck cancer, a stroke, brain tumor, brain injury or even a tracheostomy tube and mechanical ventilation needed to sustain life can make it impossible. Dysphagia, or swallowing problems, can also result from aging and accompanying loss of muscle strength. "We swallow a thousand times or more per day, just our own saliva, without even thinking about it," says Dr. Lori Burkhead, speech-language pathologist and clinical research scientist at the Medical College of Georgia Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery. "We swallow in our sleep. Babies do it in utero. It is something we do without giving it much thought, but it's actually a very complex act that involves an intricate coordination between the brain, muscles and respiratory system." An estimated 18 million Americans have difficulty with this routine function that, at worst, can lead to aspiration pneumonia, malnutrition, dehydration and death. Evidence suggests that the same exercise science principles that strengthen bodies can help restore this fundamental function using mouth and throat muscles. Because swallowing muscles are not easy to access, applying the usual principles of exercise is more difficult. "Physical therapists can put a weight in someone's hand and exercise them or they can give patients external assistance and get them to complete a movement," says Dr. Burkhead. "I can't put weights on throat muscles for strengthening and I can't get at those muscles to help patients finish the [...]

5/1/2007 web-based article staff ScienceDaily.com Oral cancer is diagnosed in more than 30,000 individuals in the US annually, claiming 10,000 lives each year. Early detection remains the best way to ensure patient survival and quality of life. Today, during the 85th General Session of the International Association for Dental Research, scientists from the University of California-Irvine present two novel, non-invasive, ultra-fast imaging approaches to oral cancer detection, diagnostic screening, and mapping. More than 2/3 of all oral cancer cases documented by the National Cancer Institute are diagnosed at an advanced stage. The five-year survival rate is 75% for those with localized disease at diagnosis, but only 16% for those with cancer metastasis. Earlier detection of oral lesions would greatly improve the prognosis of these patients. Accurate delineation of lesion margins would ensure effective removal of all the tissue that presents a threat to the patient's long-term health. Two basic facts indicate that early detection of oral malignancy should be possible to a far greater extent than is currently seen: (1) Accounting for 96% of all oral cancers, squamous cell carcinoma is often preceded by lesions on the oral mucosa. Malignant transformation, which is quite unpredictable, occurs in 1-90% of lesions over five years. Thus, oral cancer is often preceded by lesions which are visible to the naked eye prior to transformation. A non-invasive diagnostic modality would permit regular monitoring of these lesions, detection of lesion transformation, and the identification of treatment needs at a very early, relatively harmless stage. (2) [...]

4/30/2007 Lexington, KY Karla Ward Herald-Leader.com A local company with ties to the University of Kentucky plans to market a dietary supplement, skin cream and chewing gum based on blackberry extract. Paige Shumate Short, a Paris businesswoman, and Russell Mumper, a UK researcher, are the co-founders of Four Tigers LLC, which Short calls a "berryceutical" company. In the near future, they hope to find licensing partners -- maybe a chewing gum company such as Wrigley or a supplement supplier such as GNC Ð to sell their over-the-counter products, which will not require Food and Drug Administration approval. Short's father, the late Wayne Shumate, began growing antioxidant-rich blackberries at WindStone Farms in Paris more than two decades ago, and Four Tigers now has an exclusive partnership with the farm. In the longer term, Short and Mumper hope to use the revenue stream from their supplement, gum and cream to develop FDA-approved drugs that incorporate blackberry extract. Studies have found berries are full of powerful anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. In an early study, Mumper found that the extract stopped the growth of colon cancer cells in a petri dish, but much more research would have to be done to determine whether the same would be true of cancer cells in the human body. Short said the company's "pot of gold" would be an injectable drug. While eating blackberries is healthful, the body does not absorb them well, and Mumper said "you've got to eat a lot of berries to give you an [...]

4/30/2007 web-based article Pei-Shan Ho et al. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, April 20, 2007 Objective: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is defined as a precancerous condition, and it is also commonly seen in clinical practice, coexisting with oral cancer. The aim of this study was to identify the effects of areca quid, cigarette, and alcohol on the coexistence of oral cancer and OSF. Study Design: This is a case-control study. One hundred four histologically confirmed male OSF subjects were included, which consisted of 65 OSF subjects without oral cancer (control group) and 39 OSF subjects with oral cancer (case group). Results: The cigarette consumption in the case group was significantly higher than the control group. In drinking habits, the mean consumption of alcohol in the case group was significantly higher than the control group. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify these risk factors. Age and alcohol consumption showed a significant effect, and the odds ratios were 1.07 in age and 1.5 in alcohol consumption. Conclusion: Alcohol drinking could be a risk factor associated with an increased risk of malignant transformation and coexistence with oral cancer in OSF patients, but cigarette and areca quid were not risk factors in our study. For oral cancer prevention from OSF, more attention should be paid to the importance of public health strategies targeted toward preventing and reducing alcohol consumption. Authors: Pei-Shan Ho, Yi-Hsin Yang, Tien-Yu Shieh, I-Yueh Huang, Yun-Kwan Chen, Ko-Ni Lin, and Chung-Ho Chen Authors' affiliation: Faculty of [...]

4/30/2007 Haifa, Israel O Hershkovich et al. J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., April 1, 2007; 62(4): 361-6 Oral cancer's much higher prevalence among older people may be due to an age-related reduction in protective salivary antioxidant mechanisms and/or an age-related increase in the magnitude of oral carcinogen attack, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), causing DNA aberrations. This study found a significantly reduced total value of salivary antioxidant capacity in elderly persons (as measured by overall antioxidant capacity [ImAnOx] assay), (46% of healthy individuals, p =.004), increased oxidative stress (86% increase in carbonyl concentrations-indicators of enhanced ROS attack, p =.001), and increased salivary concentrations and total values of RNS (7-fold and 3-fold higher respectively, p =.001), all contributing to increased DNA oxidation of oral epithelial cells. Salivary oxidative stress-related changes in the intimately related saliva and oral epithelium compounded with higher viscosity of saliva may explain the higher prevalence of oral cancer in the elderly population. Administration of local therapeutic agents (i.e., antioxidants) to the oral cavity should be considered. Authors: O Hershkovich, I Shafat, and RM Nagler Authors' affiliation: DMD, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel

4/29/2007 St. Louis, MO Gerry Fraley STLtoday.com Cardinals outfielder Chris Duncan and Texas Rangers second baseman Ian Kinsler stood on opposite sides of the baseball team at Canyon de Oro High School in Tucson, Ariz. Duncan used smokeless tobacco. Kinsler gave it up after an ill-fated, stomach-turning experience. Kinsler cannot recall seeing Duncan without the omnipresent dip in his mouth. Kinsler understands why Duncan is part of a lineage that dates back to spitballs and Babe Ruth. "I guess dipping is tradition,'' Kinsler said. "Some guys need it to perform. Some guys obviously hide it better than other guys.'' Duncan declined to discuss his choice. Duncan might be the Cardinals' most conspicuous consumer of tobacco, but he is hardly alone on this team. Or in his sport. The dippers and chewers and even a few holdout smokers are out there. Their presence illustrates how deeply tobacco is ingrained in the culture of baseball. Estimates say about one in three major-league players use tobacco products, all legal, during the season. In the general population, about one in 10 males are users. There are users in other sports. Former Dallas quarterback Troy Aikman was an avid dipper until late in his career, when a family cancer scare changed his thinking. The difference is that baseball players are visible in their use. There are no known instances of an NBA or NHL player partaking in tobacco during competition. Sherrill Headrick, a center and linebacker in the AFL from 1960-68, is believed to be [...]