Safety features planned for radiation machines

Source: NY Times Author: Walt Bogdanich GAITHERSBURG, Md. — Manufacturers of radiation therapy equipment said at a patient-safety conference here Wednesday that within the next two years their new equipment and the software that runs it would include fail-safe features to help reduce harmful radiation overdoses and other mistakes. The absence of these fail-safe features contributed to the fatal radiation overdose of a New York City patient, whose death was the centerpiece of a lengthy article in The New York Times early this year that examined radiation accidents and how complex new technology contributed to those accidents. Two associations representing the biggest manufacturers of radiotherapy equipment said their equipment — including linear accelerators, which generate high-powered beams of radiation — will shut down if it does not detect that the treatment plan had been checked, that beam modifying devices were correctly placed and that the patient was properly positioned. Most machines are currently configured so that quality-assurance checks are at the discretion of the user, said David Fisher, executive director of Medical Imaging and Technology Alliance, one of the industry groups. The conference, convened by the Food and Drug Administration to discuss ways to reduce radiation overdoses, underdoses and misaligned exposures, was attended by regulators, technicians, medical physicists, doctors and vendors. Several speakers said that articles in The Times about radiation errors, particularly one on the death of Scott Jerome-Parks, a 43-year-old computer programmer, were the impetus for much of the discussion on how to make radiation therapy safer. “The recent attention to radiation dose [...]

2010-06-14T19:57:08-07:00June, 2010|Oral Cancer News|

Nashville hygienists partner with Oral Cancer Foundation to raise awareness of a silent killer

Source: The Oral Cancer Foundation Author: Staff Locals join together for second annual Oral Cancer walk and free screening event NEWPORT BEACH, Calif., June 10 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ -- For the second year, the Nashville Area Dental Hygienists Society (NADHS) has organized a successful walk to promote oral cancer awareness for a disease that affects so many, yet so few know about. Hundreds of Nashville locals gathered for the "Boot Scootin' for Oral Cancer Screening II" event that recently took place at Nashville's Centennial Park to raise disease awareness, and funds for the Non-Profit Oral Cancer Foundation (OCF). The walk was lead by NADHS president Nicki Raines, who encouraged the organization to embrace the cause of oral cancer detection when she began her two-year presidential term. Her committee worked countless hours to ensure that the event would top last year's successful effort.  Nicki's team was able to generate a local buzz for the walk through posters displayed at area Starbucks and Panera Bread stores, and via news releases sent to all local media. Local merchants rallied to support the event. Attendees were treated to coffee donated by Starbucks, water donated by Kroger's, and donuts donated by Krispy Kreme.  Whole Foods, Trader Joe's, Wal-Mart and other Nashville area merchants came together to show their support by donating products for the auction and raffle that took place after the walk. Nashville superstars George Strait, Tim McGraw, Faith Hill and Brooks and Dunn were represented through autographed memorabilia, which brought their fans to the raffle. [...]

2010-06-14T19:59:10-07:00June, 2010|OCF In The News, Oral Cancer News|

CDC: Global tobacco marketing is reaching young women

Source: CDC Author: Staff As World Recognizes “World No Tobacco Day 2010” Although women account for only about 20 percent of the world’s 1.3 billion smokers, tobacco use among women is on the rise.  Particularly troubling is new data from three countries —Bangladesh,Thailand, and Uruguay—indicating greater exposure to cigarette marketing among young women (ages 15 to 24) than older women, according to a CDC study. In Bangladesh, exposure to bidi cigarettes (80.1 percent) and smokeless tobacco (69.9 percent) marketing was widespread among women and did not vary by age.  Bidi cigarettes are hand rolled cigarettes made of tobacco that are primarily used in Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan. Launched in 2007, the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) is a nationally representative household survey of persons ages 15 years and older being implemented in 14 countries around the world.  Bangladesh, Thailand and Uruguay are the first three countries for which 2009 data is available.  Before GATS, no one standard global survey for adults has consistently tracked tobacco use and other tobacco control measures. “Tobacco kills more people each year than HIV, tuberculosis, and malaria combined, and tobacco deaths are increasing steadily,” said CDC Director Thomas R. Frieden, M.D., M.P.H. “The results of these surveys show one of the key reasons for the tobacco epidemic – marketing, including to women and girls. Countries around the world should establish and enforce comprehensive bans on advertising, sponsorship, and promotion of tobacco products,” he said. Other report highlights: In Bangladesh, 1.5 percent of women are current smokers, compared with 44.7 percent [...]

2010-06-14T19:58:02-07:00June, 2010|Oral Cancer News|

New oral cancer data could prompt new treatments

Source: The Columbus Disbatch Author: Misti Crane Doctors are focusing increasingly on the role that human papilloma virus plays in oral cancer, and new research is prompting hope that treatments can be better tailored to patients. People with oral cancer have a better chance of surviving if the cancer is linked to HPV, according to a new study led by an Ohio State University researcher. Dr. Maura Gillison and her colleagues found that 82 percent of those with HPV-positive tumors in the back of their mouths survived at least three years, compared with 57percent of those with mouth tumors not tied to HPV. Their study included 323 oropharyngeal cancer patients. HPV, which is spread by sexual contact, is the virus that also causes cervical cancer. It can cause cancer of the mouth through oral sex. The research took into account other risk factors such as tobacco use. It was published online yesterday in the New England Journal of Medicine. This study should prompt more studies and advances in treatment, Gillison said. For example, it could be that patients with a better prognosis could have less radiation and suffer fewer side effects, she said. Side effects of treatment include trouble swallowing, dental problems, difficulty speaking and inflexibility in the neck. Gillison also presented new data yesterday at the American Society of Clinical Oncology meeting in Chicago. The data showed a worse outcome for smokers who have HPV-positive cancers than for patients with the same type of cancer who don't smoke. The risk [...]

2010-06-09T10:00:14-07:00June, 2010|OCF In The News, Oral Cancer News|

FDA to examine cigarette ingredients

Source: Health.com Author: Amanda Gardner MONDAY, JUNE 7 (Health.com) — If you want to know what’s in your TV dinner or Twinkies—a big if—all you need to do is look on the package. But if you smoke cigarettes and want to know what you’re inhaling, you’re out of luck. For years, tobacco companies have been lacing cigarettes with hundreds of chemicals and additives ranging from ammonia to cocoa, reportedly to heighten the kick of nicotine, improve flavor, and mask the harshness of smoke. Very little is known about the health effects of these ingredients, however, since the tobacco industry isn’t required to disclose them publicly or explain their purpose. The mystery may soon come to an end. On Tuesday, a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) advisory panel will meet to investigate what “harmful or potentially harmful” ingredients are in the more than 300 billion cigarettes smoked in the U.S. each year. After a second meeting this summer, the panel will provide a list of ingredients and recommendations to the FDA, which was granted the authority by Congress to regulate tobacco products in 2009. “Maybe with a new FDA ruling, companies will have to tell us what they put in these products and why,” says Norman Edelman, MD, the chief medical officer of the American Lung Association. “The concern is that these [ingredients] have health risks and we don’t really know what they are.” Sixty years ago cigarettes contained few additives. But as tobacco companies sought to reduce the levels of nicotine [...]

2010-06-09T12:38:21-07:00June, 2010|Oral Cancer News|

Molecular imaging allows individualized ‘dose painting’ for head and neck cancers

Source: www.eurekalert.org Author: public release According to research revealed at Society of Nuclear Medecine's 57th Annual Meeting, a multi-tracer molecular imaging technique using positron emission tomography (PET) provides detailed information about the physiological processes of cancerous tumors—and could one day help radiation oncologists treat head and neck cancers with precision external-beam radiation therapy and improve the outcomes of therapy. "The research that we are conducting with Philips is extending the use of molecular imaging for radiotherapy planning, moving closer to more personalized treatment of hard-to-treat cancers based on the biology of each individual patient's tumor," said Kristi Hendrickson, Ph.D., lead author of the study and medical physicist at the University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Wash. "By modeling the data acquired from PET scans, we can potentially reduce damage to surrounding healthy tissue, as well as provide the ability to do 'dose painting,' delivering a highly customized form of radiation therapy for each patient." Cancers of the head and neck are notoriously difficult to treat, not only because of their proximity to sensitive anatomical structures, but also because of their tendency to recur. Researchers are working to find the best way to image these tumors in order to provide the most effective treatment. Several forms of radiation therapy are currently available. An approach called intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is a sophisticated technique which is used to maximize dose delivery to tumors while sparing adjacent normal tissues such as the salivary glands. This therapy uses an external beam of radiation [...]

Mouth cancer patients ‘ignore’ symptoms

Source: www.dentistry.co.uk Author: staff Many mouth cancer sufferers ignore the first symptoms of the disease and do not seek the advice of a healthcare professional during the early stages – the results of a new study have shown. The research, which interviewed relatively young mouth cancer patients in Scotland, found that most had heard of oral cancer but they didn't think their symptoms were indicative of the life-threatening illness. Furthermore, 40% of participants decided to self manage their symptoms and sought over-the-counter treatments which were suggested by a pharmacist. Chief executive of the British Dental Health Foundation, Dr Nigel Carter says the study further confirms gaps in understanding and awareness of oral cancer. Dr Carter explains: 'Public awareness of oral cancer and the associated risk factors appears to be too low here in the UK. 'An awareness of the risk factors and symptom recognition by the public is a critical issue in determining survival rates, as early detection greatly improves the chances of survival.' Almost 9% of patients who were interviewed had a prior knowledge of oral cancer and the causes such as tobacco and alcohol. However, this prior knowledge was neither instrumental for them to suspect they may have mouth cancer nor did it prompt them to visit a healthcare professional in the first place. None of the interviewees thought it would happen to them. A third of interviewees mentioned their first sign as some kind of 'lump', a few described a ‘white spot' ‘mark' or ‘patch' and two [...]

ASCO: Second study links HPV to mouth cancer outcomes

Source: www.medpagetoday.com/ Author: Michael Smith, North American Correspondent, MedPage Today Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection predicts a better chance of survival in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, researchers said. In a retrospective analysis of a major radiation therapy trial, more than four-fifths of patients whose tumors were HPV-positive were alive three years after treatment, according to Maura Gillison, MD, PhD, of Ohio State University in Columbus, and colleagues. In contrast, fewer than six of 10 patients with HPV-negative tumors were still alive at the three-year mark, Gillison and colleagues reported online in the New England Journal of Medicine, in an article released to coincide with a presentation at the American Society of Clinical Oncology meeting here. The study follows a report earlier at the meeting that found a similar pattern among patients enrolled in a chemotherapy trial. The virus is, of course, well known to cause cervical cancer. The New England Journal study adds to the evidence that "HPV-positive oropharyngeal squamous-cell carcinoma represents a distinct clinicopathological entity associated with a better prognosis than HPV-negative oropharyngeal squamous-cell carcinoma," said Douglas Lowy, MD, of the NIH, and Karl Munger, PhD, of Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston. Writing in an accompanying editorial, Lowy and Munger argued that if the diseases are distinct, "their treatment or prevention might benefit from different approaches." One possibility, they said, would be to target HPV proteins to treat the disease in some patients, while prevention might involve vaccination against the virus. Gillison and colleagues looked at the [...]

Evaluation of circulating immune complexes and serum immunoglobulins in oral cancer patients – a follow up study

Source: /www.ijdr.in Author: Sameena Parveen et al. Background: High serum immunoglobulins and circulating immune complexes (IgG, IgM, IgA and CIC) values in patients with cancer have been used as tumor markers. Hence, the aim of the study was to estimate these immunological markers in pre- and post-treatment phases with a follow-up of 3-24 months and to understand the prognostic significance of the same in patients with oral cancer. Materials and Methods: The malignancy group consisted of 56 patients with different stages (AJCC TNM) of oral cancer and 20 healthy control group. Samples were selected at random and subjected for sequential analysis of serum biochemical markers (IgG, IgA, IgM and CIC-circulating immune complexes levels) in the pre- and post-treatment period. Statistical method employed was the paired t test. Results: We observed significant elevated levels of all the immunological markers ( P

ASCO: Mouth cancer patients do better if tumor is HPV-positive

Source: www.medpagetoday.com Author: Michael Smith, North American Correspondent, MedPage Today Patients with cancer of the oropharynx did significantly better if their tumor showed markers of human papillomavirus (HPV), a researcher said. In a retrospective analysis of patients in a large chemotherapy trial, those with HPV-positive tumors had a five-year survival rate of 79% regardless of the type of treatment, according to Marshall Posner, MD, of the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in Boston. In contrast, those whose tumors were HPV-negative had a five-year survival rate of just 31% -- a difference that was statistically significant at P<0.0001, Posner said in a poster discussion session at the annual meeting here of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. The pattern was similar for progression-free survival, Posner told MedPage Today. The two groups were significantly different in several ways, he said, including age, T-stage, and performance status, suggesting that HPV-positive cancers are a different clinical entity from environmentally driven HPV-negative cancers. One possible clinical implication is that patients with HPV-positive tumors might be treated with lower doses of radiation, since they respond well to treatment, he said. "We might reduce the late consequent toxicity (of radiation) - the scarring, the fibrosis, the dry mouth, the osteo-radionecrosis," he said. He noted that patients with HPV-positive tumors tend to be younger, and thus have longer to live with the consequences of therapy. "If we can reduce those effects, we would do a big boon," he said. The finding comes from an analysis of patients who took part [...]

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